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Low carbon steels for cold forming and deep drawing applications
Steels for cold forming and deep drawing applications are characterised by guaranteed maximum yield and tensile strength and minimum elongation.
This range of steel grades is widely used for bending and drawing applications in general industry, building, the automotive industry and related sectors.
Structural steels
Structural steels are carbon-manganese steels with a guaranteed minimum yield strength and tensile strength, and satisfactory ductility. In addition to their good mechanical properties, structural steels also have very acceptable toughness values.Structural steels offer good weldability with conventional welding processes. In most cases, pre- or post-heat treatment is not necessary with welding.
These steels are suitable for most common applications.Structural steels are mainly used in the building industry and in mechanical engineering.
Applications include building components, containers, storage tanks and roll formed profiles.
Various grades can be supplied:
Without any special rolling and/or heat treatment requirements. The abbreviated designation of this delivery condition is +AR.
Following a rolling process in which final forming is carried out within a certain temperature range, producing a material in a condition equivalent to that obtained after normalisation, with the result that the specified mechanical properties values are conserved even after normalisation treatment. The abbreviated designation of this delivery condition is +N.
They are also produced in paterned surface (diamond and tear-drop) form.
| EN 10025-2:2004 | DIN 17100:1983 |
|---|---|
| S235JR | RSt37-2 |
| S235J0 | St37-3 U |
| S235J2 | |
| S235J2+N | St37-3 N |
| S275JR | St44-2 |
| S275J0 | St44-3 U |
| S275J2 | |
| S275J2+N | St44-3 N |
| S355JR | |
| S355J0 | St52-3 U |
| S355J2 | |
| S355J2+N | St52-3 N |
| S355K2+N |
| Thickness | Min. width | Max. width |
|---|---|---|
| 1,50 – 1,74 | 720 | 1250 |
| 1,75 – 1,99 | 720 | 1300 |
| 2,00 – 2,24 | 720 | 1550 |
| 2,25 – 2,49 | 720 | 1650 |
| 2,50 – 2,99 | 720 | 1800 |
| 3,00 – 15,00 | 720 | 2050 |
| 16,00 – 100,00 | 1500 | 2500 |
| Thickness | Min. width | Max. width |
|---|---|---|
| 2,00 – 2,24 | 720 | 1200 |
| 2,25 – 2,49 | 720 | 1300 |
| 2,50 – 2,99 | 720 | 1400 |
| 3,00 – 3,49 | 720 | 1500 |
| 3,50 – 3,99 | 720 | 1650 |
| 4,00 – 4,49 | 720 | 1750 |
| 4,50 – 4,99 | 720 | 1850 |
| 5,00 – 5,49 | 720 | 1950 |
| 5,50 – 15,00 | 720 | 2050 |
| 16,00 – 100,00 | 1500 | 2500 |
| Thickness | Min. width | Max. width |
|---|---|---|
| 3,00 - 10,00 | 720 | 1550 |
Steels for pressure vessels and boilers, with specified properties at elevated temperatures
Steels for pressure vessels and boilers differ from other carbon-manganese structural steels due to their high resistance to pressure at all temperatures (ambient, low or high).
They have good weldability, as well as excellent toughness, and are suitable for normalisation annealing and stress-relief annealing.
Steels for pressure vessels are mainly used to manufacture boilers, drums, pressure or steam piping, industrial thermal vessels and heat exchangers. These steels are suitable for mechanical forming and welding.
| High pressure vessel steel EN 10120 |
|---|
| P245NB |
| P265NB |
| Boiler steel EN 10028-2:2009 |
|---|
| P235GH |
| P265GH |
| P295GH |
| P355GH |
| Thickness | Min. width | Max. width |
|---|---|---|
| 1,50 – 1,74 | 720 | 1250 |
| 1,75 – 1,99 | 720 | 1300 |
| 2,00 – 2,24 | 720 | 1550 |
| 2,25 – 2,49 | 720 | 1650 |
| 2,50 – 2,99 | 720 | 1800 |
| 3,00 – 15,00 | 720 | 2050 |
Steels for shipbuilding
| Germanischer LLoyd’s | LLoyd’s register |
|---|---|
| GL-A | GRADE-A |
| Thickness | Min. width | Max. width |
|---|---|---|
| 1,50 – 1,74 | 720 | 1250 |
| 1,75 – 1,99 | 720 | 1300 |
| 2,00 – 2,24 | 720 | 1550 |
| 2,25 – 2,49 | 720 | 1650 |
| 2,50 – 2,99 | 720 | 1800 |
| 3,00 – 15,00 | 720 | 2050 |
Micro-alloyed, thermo mechanically rolled, high yield strength for cold forming (’’high strength steels’’)
High strength steels are characterised by high ductility, controlled internal purity, fine grain structure and low carbon content.
High strength steels combine:
Outstanding mechanical properties
High strength
Toughness
Fatigue resistance
Good formability
Good weldability
With their high strength, they are an excellent choice when weight-saving is a priority, and are frequently used to replace structural steels.
High strength steels are used in a wide range of applications in transport (earth movers, trailers, agricultural and railroad machinery etc), profiling (racks etc) and building (cranes, safety barriers, light poles etc). Significant weight reductions can be achieved by using high strength steels, especially for cranes and heavy vehicle trailers, thus allowing a larger payload.
| EN 10149-2:2013 | SEW 092:1990 |
|---|---|
| S315MC | QstE340TM |
| S355MC | QstE380TM |
| S420MC | QstE460TM |
| S460MC | QstE500TM |
| S500MC | QstE550TM |
| S550MC | QstE600TM |
| S600MC | QstE650TM |
| Thickness | Min. width | Max. width |
|---|---|---|
| 2,00 – 2,24 | 1050 | 1100 |
| 2,25 – 2,49 | 1050 | 1250 |
| 2,50 – 2,99 | 1050 | 1350 |
| 3,00 – 3,49 | 1050 | 1500 |
| 3,50 – 3,99 | 1050 | 1600 |
| 4,00 – 4,49 | 1050 | 1700 |
| 4,50 – 4,99 | 1050 | 1800 |
| 5,00 – 5,99 | 1050 | 1900 |
| 6,00 – 12,49 | 1050 | 2050 |
| 12,50 – 12,99 | 1050 | 1950 |
| 13,00 – 13,49 | 1050 | 1900 |
| 13,50 – 13,99 | 1050 | 1850 |
| 14,00 – 14,49 | 1050 | 1800 |
| 14,50 – 15,00 | 1050 | 1750 |